MUMTAZ JARRA 10

LIFE PROCESS.
1.Draw a well labelled diagram of ingestion in Amoeba.

2.what happens in a Calvin cycle of photosynthesis ?
In the Calvin cycle the energized electrons from the light dependent reaction provides th energy to form carbohydrates from the carbon dioxide molecules.
Is is called Calvin cycle because of the cyclical nature of the process.
3.Draw a well labelled diagram of digestive system.

  

       Diagram of digestive system

4.What is the function of salivary amylase, lipase,pepsin ?

Salivary amylase is an enzyme responsible for the breaking down of starch.

Pepsin us an enzyme that breks down protein into smaller peptdes (that is peptease)

Lipase is an enzyme that breaks down dietary fats into smaller molecules called fatt acids and glycerol.

5.what is the function of H.C.L

H.C.L kills the germs.

H.C.L makes the medium acidc for the action of the enzyme pepsin whixh works in the acidix medium.

Shivansh Shukla

LIFE PROCESSES

Q1: What is the difference between starch and sugar?

A1: Starch and sugar are both a part of a large group known as carbohydrates, the difference between both of them is that sugars are simple units of specific molecules such as glucose, fructose etc. While, starches are complex chains of sugar molecules linked together.

Q2: What is the function of salivary amylase?

A2: Salivary amylase breaks down starch into simpler carbohydrates. This amylase is a bio-catalyst and is present in the saliva that is secreted by certain glands in our buccal cavity.

Q3: What is the pH level of our mouth?

A3: Our mouth's pH has a range of around 6.2 to 7.6 with 6.7 being the average pH.

Q4: What is the function of these substances secreted in our stomach:

1) HCl: The hydrochloric acid present in our stomach helps in the breakdown of protein, also, it helps in activating pepsinogen into the enzyme pepsin.

2) Mucus: As the walls of our stomach are tender and can be damaged by the gastric juices, mucus helps in protecting the lining of the stomach against any possible damage.

3) Gastric juice: The gastric juice plays a crucial role in digestion as it secretes pepsinogen, which later on, as pepsin, helps in further digestion of food. Apart from this, it helps in killing some unwanted, harmful microbes.

Anjali kashyap 
Class X A Roll Number 03


 

Q1. Difference byetween starch and sugar.

Ans- Starch- They are hundreds of sugar molecule linked together i.e it is a complex carbohydrate.

Sugar- It is a simple molecule and a fast acting carbohydrate.

1) Difference between holozoic, saprotrophic,parasitic nutrition.

    Holozoic nutrition : It is the mode of nutrition or feeding of complex organic matter by ingestion, digestion and absorption.

Ex-human being,  Amoeba 

    Parasitic nutrition: the mode of obtaining food synthesised by other 

Ex- round worm 

      Saprotrophic nutrition: it is the type of nutrition in which organisms obtain nutrition from the dead decaying organic matter

Ex- fungi and bacteria 

2) Where does light reaction takes place in plants?

A) Light reaction takes place in grana of the chloroplasts which is present  in the leaves of the plants.

3) Where does dark reaction takes place in plants?

A) Dark Reaction takes place in the stroma of the plants.

4) What is Grana?

A) Grana is the place where light reaction takes place and it is present in the chloroplasts in the leaves.

5) Write the equation for the dark reaction which is also known as calvin cycle?

A)   3 CO₂ + 6 NADPH + 5 H₂O + 9 ATP → glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) + 2                H⁺ + 6 NADP⁺ + 9 ADP + 8 Pi (Pi = inorganic phosphate)

 LIFE PROCESSES

Q2. What is the function of salivary amylase?

Ans- It is a enzyme responsible for breakdown of starch into carbohydrates.

1.         Q3. What is the pH of mouth?

2.         Ans- The pH of mouth is 6.8.

Q4. What is the function of Hcl , mucus and secreted in the stomach?

 Ans- The function of Hcl is -

1.         It kills ingested bacteria.

2.         It provides acidic medium for protein digestion.

3.         It splits nucleoproteins into nucleic acids and proteins.

Functions of mucus-

Its purpose is to coat the passageways of the nose, throat , sinuses and keeping them from becoming dry and protects the inner linning of the stomach from the action of acid released by HCL.

   

OBJECTIVE :  Peristaltic Movement in food pipe .

MATERIAL REQUIRED  : 
1)Tyre tube 
2)Some wet soil 

PROCEDURE  : 
Step 1: First take the Tyre tube and cut it from a point to make it a circular pipe

Step 2 : Put the soil into the pipe from end of the Tyre

 Step 3 : Then try to move the soil downward by the method of cokntraction and expansion  
                         
Step 4 : Do the same method, to move the soil downwards 

OBSERVATION  - We have observed that mud came out from the pipe  by the method of    contraction  and expansion is the same process by which the food that we take reaches to our stomach from the Buccal cavity and this process of contraction and expansion called peristaltic movement .



 
 ACTIVITY - LABELING OUR DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Procedure : Label all the organs  at  their correct place and observe the direction  of the arrows

Conclusion : We conclude that our digestive system consist different organs :

1) Buccal cavity
2) Oesophages
3) Liver
4) Stomach
5) Gall blader
6) Pancreas
7) Large intestine
8) Small intestine
9) Appendix
10) Rectum
11) Anus